Perceptions of performance feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Perceptions of performance feedback - Essay Example ent follows though busy with commitments" and out of 15 people, no one strongly agreed, 14 agreed, 1 neither agreed nor disagreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The eleventh question was "Receive coaching and training" and out of 15 people, no one strongly agreed, 9 agreed, 6 neither agreed nor disagreed and no one chose the rest of the options. Questionnaire # 2 Perceived Perception of Change The first question was " I am part of the decision making process" and out of 15 people none strongly agreed, 2 agreed, 8 neither agreed nor disagreed, none strongly disagreed and 5 chose not applicable. The second question was "Thoughts and ideas are taken seriously" and out of 15 people, 1 strongly agreed, 10 agreed, 4 neither agreed nor disagreed and no one chose the rest of the two options. The third question was "Encouraged to offer solutions" and out of 15 people, none strongly agreed, 15 agreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The fourth question was "I take pride in working for the company" and out of 15 people 2 strongly agreed, 13 agreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The fifth question was "Promotes a family atmosphere" and out of 15 people, 12 strongly agreed, 3 agreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The sixth question was "Company values are compatible with my values" and out of 15 people, 12 strongly agreed, 2 agreed, 1 neither agreed nor disagreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The seventh question was "Company contributes to the community" and out of 15 people, 1 strongly agreed, 14 agreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The eighth question was "Would recommend the company to my friends" and out of 15 people, 4 strongly agreed, 6 agreed, 5 neither agreed nor disagreed and no one chose the rest of the... The third question was "Management makes frequent positive comments" and out of 15, 4 chose strongly agree, 9 chose agree, 2 chose neither agree nor disagree and no one chose strongly disagree and not applicable. The sixth question was "Supervisor cares about personal development" and out of 15 people, 5 chose strongly agree, 5 chose agree, 2 chose neither agree nor disagree and no one chose the rest of the two options. The seventh question was "Expectations are the same for everyone" and out of 15 people, 2 strongly agreed, 7 agreed, 5 neither agreed nor disagreed, 1 strongly disagreed and no one chose the last option. The tenth question was "Management follows though busy with commitments" and out of 15 people, no one strongly agreed, 14 agreed, 1 neither agreed nor disagreed and no one chose the rest of the options. The first question was " I am part of the decision making process" and out of 15 people none strongly agreed, 2 agreed, 8 neither agreed nor disagreed, none strongly disagreed and 5 chose not applicable. The first question was "I always have the supplies to do my job well" and out of 15 people, none strongly agreed, 6 agreed, 3 neither agreed nor disagreed, 6 strongly disagreed and no one chose the last option. The survey

Promotional mix Essay Example for Free

Promotional mix Essay Element of the promotional mix for innocent smoothies may include this such as: Advertising is used to communicate with the public about their products and services, this can be expensive and businesses must ensure that they spend their advertising budget carefully methods include: moving image, print, ambient such as advertising on buses, digital and audio. Sales promotion is used to encourage customers to purchase your products or for distribution channels to stock your goods . methods are: price promotion (discounts), coupons, competitions, money refunds, loyalty incentives. Personal selling is when a representative of the company interacts directly with a potential customer using skills called closing a sale. Methods are: face to face, telephone, email, and video or web conferencing. Public relations are activities a business carries out to place information in the media without paying for it directly activities might include: exhibitions, sponsorship and press relations Direct marketing is when a business communicates directly with a customer, establishing an individual relationship between the business and the customer, methods are: direct mail, mail order catalogue, magazines and telemarketing. Advertising is used by innocent most effectively than other methods of the promotional mix, methods of advertising they use is they have links with popular children’s websites such as ‘club penguin’ , Innocent also put adverts on the TV. Another method of advertising Innocent use is that they sell magnets along with their smoothies this is effective as it appeals to their target audience. Innocent use advertising most effectively out of the promotional mix as they appeal to their target audience. Innocent use advertising as they are a new company who need recognition so their TV adverts are memorable and funny and they show their personality this links to matching their target audience well with how they advertise. Innocent use sales promotion effectively as they have used promotions such as the free magnets ad club penguin deals, as if they are linked with things such as club penguin people who use club penguin will be more likely to buy their pouts as I benefits them and linking with a big business like Disney which runs club penguin means that it helps appeal to more of their target audience, while giving them a better image and giving them a funnier personality. The innocent website ad Facebook page work effectively with their sales promotion as it uses fun ad games to promote their products while appealing to their audience at the same time. Innocent also use other methods of the promotional mix such as public relations. Innocent use this to get more sales for example inviting the press to a release of a new product so that they report about it and notify the public this will then help increase their audience ad gain more customers. The press an affect the sales a business makes as if they give a bad review and the company gets bad press they will lose customers instead of gaining them. This is effective because customers can get an unbiased opinion of the products, however it is a risky element of the promotional mix as the product/ company might get a bad review and loose customers but if the public like the product then it will gain sales. Elements of the promotional mix that innocent do not use: Things such as direct marketing and personal selling are not used as effectively by innocent because they sell straight to the store such as Tesco or a wholesaler because it keeps their products staying fresher, they will sell more as they will become more reliable as they are always in the shops unlike Avon which you have to wait weeks until you get your product and chose your products and thy well have a wider customer base, this is why they use advertising so effectively as It continues to get their items bought from the wholesaler. An example of personal selling is a car salesperson persuading you to buy a car, innocent do not use this as it would not be worth it, as they would have to pay for a person to sell the products and they would have to sell a lot before they make a large profit. A person would also have to walk around all day with the produce in the heat which can affect the produce. Innocent don’t use direct marketing as they sell their goods to big supermarkets and they don’t have to sell to the customers so it’s up to the supermarket to tell the customer about the products and deals etc. The promotional mix is used well by innocent as their adverts help get them customers and raise awareness of their brand, and appeal to their target audience. Innocent don’t use direct marketing or persona selling as they don’t sell to the customers personally they sell it to supermarkets instead or the wholesaler. Once they have sold their products to the wholesaler or  supermarkets they no longer will have to sell their produce however they do have to still advertise as they need the customers to want to buy their products from the supermarkets etc. so then the supermarket will continue to stock their brand. They use the distribution channels the way they do to make sure their products stay fresh for the customer and they are kept in good condition and by selling to supermarkets before the customer it will help show their brand to a wider audience and help increase awareness of their brand. The promotional mix used by innocent is appropriate because it has worked and their business is expanding and getting larger, they also have a reliable customer base in England which will help them if they decide to sell in America. This is because they have advertised their business a lot and because of their uses of advertising this means they have a wider audience which ranges from children to adults and any gender.

Using Profitability Ratios To Evaluate A Businesses Overall Financial Performance

Using Profitability Ratios To Evaluate A Businesses Overall Financial Performance While profitability ratios evaluate a business overall financial performance through appraising its capability to produce revenues in surplus of service costs as well as other expenses. There are at least four profitability ratios, which they are gross profit margin, as well net profit margin, besides return on assets, in addition to return on equity. These ratios are used to assess performance and, with other data, forecast prospect profitability. Along with that is the future viability in addition to the soundness, which will repay loans as well as credit, additionally pay interest along with dividends. Since profits are divided amongst shares, the profit per share indicates possible dividend. However, there are varieties of elements that might be utilized to assess profitability. As instance, financial analysts service can use return on equity, or else yield to cost as assessment of profitability. Neglecting of the element utilized, these ratios might be a wealth of interaction among Business firms along with its competitors; is also useful to find an Industry enterprises profitability ratio in excess of time to appraise performance. The profitability ratios are so important to several professionals such like, managers who utilize ratios to promote analyze. In addition to Credit analysts such the same as credit managers or else bank loan officers. And also for stock analysts. There are some limitations of Profitability ratios, which were observed, like as; out of dated data in financial statement. As well as business firms can use different accounting policies. Besides summarized data in accounts. In addition to use of Creative Accounting. Along with inflation. Also we can add interpretation of the ratios is not a science. Plus different market along with financial risk profiles. At the end there is an impact of seasonality on trading. Moreover, some recommendations were enclosed, such like; Developing as well enhancing such performance orientated targets for all of profitable ratio imperative issues. Besides Understanding of the scope along with dimensions of the profitable ratio consciousness. In addition to elevate awareness of the consequences of profitable ratio posed by their risksÙ . Along with extension of appropriate approaches to contest profitable ratio understanding. Finally, to Identify resources available to ensure creditability to a better understanding of profitable ratios. Table Of Contents Introduction: Identifying the Four profitability ratios Profitability ratios Definition: 1) Gross profit margin 2) Net profit margin, 3) Return on assets, 4) Return on equity: Profitability ratios measurements: The role of the Profitability ratios: The limitations of Profitability ratios: Conclusions: Recommendations: References: Text Books: Web Sites: Introduction: An accounting ratio is made via dividing one-account transactions into another. The aim is to achieve a comparison that is easy as well as beneficial to clarify. Evaluate ratios for one Industry enterprise over several years. A graph of the ratio may allow a long-term trend. The same ratio is from many firms of similar size in the same industry. These ratios are used to assess performance and, with other data, forecast prospect profitability. Along with that is the future viability in addition to the soundness, which will repay loans as well as credit, additionally pay interest along with dividends. Since profits are divided amongst shares, the profit per share indicates possible dividend. Identifying the Four profitability ratios As we can clarify at this point that profitability ratios evaluate a business overall financial performance through assessing its capacity to make income more than operating costs as well as other expenses. There are at least four profitability ratios, which they are gross profit margin, as well net profit margin, besides return on assets, in addition to return on equity. Profitability ratios Definition: 1) Gross profit margin It demonstrates how well the business is efficiently producing or else providing products as well as services. It shows how well products are priced given the proper otherwise variable costs it takes to create or even give them. The better is the ratio; the higher is the profit potential. Therefore, the higher the gross margin, the more of a premium a Business firm charges for its products or else services. The higher the Gross Profit Margin the more success of an Industry enterprise will be at paying off expenses along with building savings. On the other words, it is simply net income divided via revenues. It shows the distribution of each sequence in sales that may in fact be kept such like earnings. A high profit margin evaluated to peers in the industry implies that the Business firm has different species of competitive advantage in parallel to their competitors, who are utilizing the costs better, proprietary knowledge, brand recognition, etc. While a good sign, it is up toward the person analyzing the shares to be able to prove that an Industry enterprise essentially does have a sustainable competitive advantage. Another significant trend is an accumulating profit margin, which effect that the Business firm is developing its competitive environment in the business. Profit margins might be also is utilized to assess whether growing earnings are useful for the Industry enterprise. Earnings growth along with a reduction in profit margin is an indicator, which the Business firms earnings growth may not be sustainable. 2) Net profit margin, It deals with the profits after taxes for the annual sales. Therefore, the higher ratio is, the better assisted the organization is to get downtrends brought on via adverse conditions. On the other words, the higher the Net Profit Margin the more efficiency the Industry enterprise is. Since the higher the percentage, the better the Business firm is at operating costs. Since the average profit margins different between industries, as well net profit margin might be utilized to evaluate firms within the same area or even part. Furthermore, it can also be utilized to establish the profitability of an Industry enterprise over time through comparing actual profit margin numbers toward recent ones. Furthermore, it illustrates the lowest level in profitability; the quantity of every sales proceeds is at last available pull out of the business or else to perform as dividends. 3) Return on assets, This ratio shows the after tax earnings of assets moreover it is an indicator of how successful a Business firm is. Thus, Return on assets ratio should be the primary indicator of the successful of an Industry enterprise. On the other hand, it indicates how well the business is using its assets to generate more revenue through relating how much profit (before interest along with income tax) the business earned headed for the total capital used to do that profit. It gets along with net profits after taxes within the assets utilized to justify such profits. A high percentage rate will tell you the Business firm are well run moreover it has a thriving return on assets. It can be used to assess rates of return with other investments, which might be implemented. Since it is just same as in the amended net turnover percentage described earlier, ROA adjusts for the effects of debt financing via taking off the after-tax impacts of interest expense. Moreover, it may additionally be utilized t o assess profitability across Industry enterprises along with over different times. It is the other part of the balance sheet from equity. One-way or even another, its effect is on determining whether to invest in a Business firm is indirect at best. 4) Return on equity: The most influential profitability ratio commencing an investors purpose is the return on equity (ROE) ratio. Moreover, it is always called ROI, as return on investment ratio; as a result, it may cause the yearly rate of return in the direction of the Industry enterprises investors otherwise owners. Return on equity represents the residual interest that is available to owners after deducting all other financing costs. Moreover, it is determined through dividing net income via owners equity. However, net income is listed at the end of the income statement since owners equity. It is encompassing the three main areas where investors can calculate the Business firms profitability, asset management as well as financial advantage. ROE represents the administrations ability to consider these three pillars of corporate management along with investors will get a feel of whether they will receive a fair return on equity as well as determine the administrations ability to perform. In short, thi s ratio tells the owner whether all the effort put into the business has been helpful. All other things, which are being objective, the more worth the ROE the achievable the Industry enterprise besides the more help you are getting from the industry you are putting into running it. Profitability ratios measurements: Financial ratio measures the Business firms aptitude to create revenues in surplus of working along with other expenses. Profitability ratios are used to calculate the profitability of an Industry enterprise besides it is necessary to evaluate the performance of a Business firm. Profitability ratios are ways to evaluate an Industry enterprises capacity to make money, as a profit for its investments chances. However, there are varieties of elements that might be utilized to assess profitability. As instance, financial analysts service can use return on equity, or else yield to cost as assessment of profitability. Neglecting of the element utilized, these ratios might be a wealth of interaction among Business firms along with its competitors; is also useful to find an Industry enterprises profitability ratio more than point in time to quantify performance. Therefore, for such firms with seasonal swings in earnings, though, this model may fall short. Profitability ratios are above all u sed to determine the value earned through a Business firm relation toward its sales, net profit in addition to total assets. However, these profitability ratios measure as per the following: 1) Gross profit margin ratio is a measurement of how much funds, being after costs of products sold, are left behind for different costs. It is calculated as follows: Gross Profit Margin = Gross Profit / Total Income 2) The net profit margin ratio measures the value might be available for distributing within owners after paying all the costs within a specified time. It indicates the importance of all transactions actions conducted within a given time, such as business, administration, selling, financing, and pricing, along with tax management. It is calculated as follows: Net Profit Margin = Net Profit / Net Sales 3) Return on Assets can be classified as it measures the net income over the Industry enterprises average assets. Moreover, it measures how well a Business firm is utilizing its assets. Therefore, a higher Return on Assets ratio shows the Industry enterprise is more effective at using its assets to generate income. Further (ROA) ratio can be calculated by using the following formula, which is= Net Profit after Taxes à · Total Assets 4) Return on Equity is calculated as net income divided via owners equity. Furthermore, it is a measurement of how much income a Business firm is generating on the money invested through the owners of the Industry enterprise. A high ROE is an indicator whereas funds can be put into investment in having the Business firm is well spent. The mathematical formula for return on equity is; Return on Equity = Net Income / Shareholder Equity The role of the Profitability ratios: Such ratios might be used to evaluate the profitability of an Industry enterprise in addition to it is necessary to measure the compliance of a Business firm. Profitability ratios are first used to determine the value earned via an Industry enterprise association toward its sales, network standards as well as total assets. Ratio analysis is used through three principle groups: 1) Credit analysts such the same as credit managers or else bank loan officers who analyze ratios in assisting to start a Business firms capacity to create its existing debts. 2) Stock analysts, these people who are having the interest within Industry enterprise productivity besides growth prospects comparing a Business firms ratios to industry ratios provides a convenient tool how the Industry enterprise measures up toward its competitors. Nevertheless, it is still true that Business firm specific differences can result in deviations from industry norms. 3) Managers who utilize ratios to promote analyze, as well control, and thus increase the Industry enterprises operations. The most effective way to evaluate ratios involves trend analysis: to calculate ratios for a Business firm over several years besides to take note of how they change over time. Trend analysis avoids cross-Industry enterprise in addition to cross-industry comparisons, enabling the analyst to reach conclusions about the Business firms financial condition along with its variation over time. The limitations of Profitability ratios: Thought ratio analysis may offer valuable information concerning an Industry enterprises operations as well as financial condition; it has some limitations, which can be classified as potential problems are listed below: 1. Out of dated data in financial statement As we can observe that the numbers of accounts are likewise to be minimal several months later, besides so might not get a real indication of the Business firms current financial situation. In addition, since the Balance Sheet is simply a snapshot of business at a particular time, any ratio based on the figures contained within the Balance Sheet might not be as an indicator of the financial position of the Industry enterprise for the year as a whole. For example, it is common for a seasonal business to have a year-end, which coincides with a low level of business activity. Thus, stocks as well as debtors may be reduced in the Balance Sheet because of this. 2. Business firms can use different accounting policies The choices of accounting policies may distort inter-Industry enterprise comparisons. Accounting law allows Business firms to exercise some caution when preparing accounts. Industry enterprises should be consistent with their own policies, not changing how they make their accounts each year, but this does not mean that will use the same policies, as rival Business firms. This argument makes inter Industry enterprise comparisons potentially most difficult. 3. Summarized data in accounts Ratios are on financial statements that are concluding of the accounting records. Therefore, it is through the summarization some relevant information might be left out that may have been of related toward the users of accounts. 4. Use of Creative Accounting The businesses include creative accounting in trying to explain the improving economic performance otherwise state that can be misleading in the direction of the users of financial accounting. These are techniques applied through a Business firm in order to create a strong financial position. 5. Inflation Comparison of performance over time can be distorted through inflation, which leads to price increases. Inflation makes comparisons of outputs over time false, as financial indicators might not be in a straight-line equivalent. Changes in results one year to the next, such as increases in revenue as well as net profit may indicate that the business has improved its authority when in fact increases may have resulted from inflation not improved sales. 6. Interpretation of the ratios is not a science. As we have seen it is hard to take a broad view about whether a exacting ratio is good or even bad. For example, a strong Acid Test Ratio may indicate a strong liquidity position, which is true or then again excessive funds that are offensive. In the same way, either a high gearing ratio may present an Industry enterprise that uses its borrowing for development proficiently or even slightly, one that is up toward its neck in debt besides cannot afford to repay its loans. 7. Different market along with financial risk profiles No two firms are the same, besides they can be markedly different. One excellent source of the difference is the kind of business the Industry enterprise operates in it. All of these will affect profit margins as well as prices, even when examining competitors in the same area or even market, using ratios to evaluate one Business firm with another could cause inaccurate information. Two Industry enterprises may be the same profession but have different financial risk profiles. One Business firm might be advantageous to get bank loans at better rates, is therefore borrowing to develop also will show high gearing levels, while another Industry enterprise may be judged not credit worthy, therefore will not be successful in obtaining loans along with it may seem that it is operating at low gearing level. An extremely fast analysis of the accounts might conduct Business firm two is in the maximum financial sources whenever in fact its less gearing field is since it cannot secure funding, whilst the first Industry enterprises superior gearing is part of a remarkably valuable business strategy. 8. Impact of seasonality on trading Financial statements are essentially on the part of the year that fluctuations that occur on a seasonal basis. Businesses, which are affected through seasons, might be chosen the right time to produce financial statements to show better results. For example, a maize growing Business activity will be able to demonstrate satisfactory outputs if accounts are generated in the thriving season. At this time, the business will have a decent stock levels in addition to bank balances will be at their highest. If results had been produced six months earlier the Business firm will have many liabilities, much lower cash balances besides fewer debtors about to pay. Conclusions: Ratio analysis is a valuable tool for judging a Business firms state, but those examining accounts should be aware of the problems described above besides it makes adjustments as necessary. Ratios analysis conducted without consideration of external influences also without realizing the potential for distortion is not convincing analysis. Nevertheless, if used wisely besides with good judgment, the use of ratios can provide a valuable understanding of an Industry enterprises operations. Profitability ratio analysis is extensively used via managers, creditors as well as investors. Used with caution as well as innovation, the technique might reveal much about a Business firm besides its operations. However, there are a few things to be never forgotten about ratios. Primarily, a ratio is only one odd divided through another, so it is difficult to understand that the mechanical calculation of one ratio, or even some ratios, will often provide valuable insights into an Industry enterprise. It is useful to think about ratios as in a detective story. One or even some ratios might be confusing, rather than when got together within different awareness of a Business firms management along with economic circumstances, profitability ratio analysis can tell us tremendously much. Recommendations: Recommendations may be concluded as the following: Developing as well enhancing such performance orientated targets for all of profitable ratio imperative issues. Understanding of the scope along with dimensions of the profitable ratio consciousness Elevate awareness of the consequences of profitable ratio posed by their risks. Extend appropriate approaches to contest profitable ratio understanding Identify resources available to ensure creditability to a better understanding of profitable ratios.

Violent Music Lyrics Increase Aggressive Thoughts and Feelings :: violence, music, agression, psychology,

Music, a popular outlet amongst the teen community for exploring emotions and blowing off steam. Times have changed, and the way music and lyrics are perceived has developed in a violent fashion. According to new studies, that have occurred, violent music lyrics increase aggressive thoughts and feelings. I chose this topic because music is such an influential part of our lives that it often dictates the mood we seize to exist in. If violent thoughts occur, what can come of it? Teens and the human populous have been draw to music, and the relief it gives off. As recent as the 1990’s, we’ve seen an increase in explicit and violent lyrics and deviant behavior in the music industry surrounding such genres as heavy metal, rock, rap, and gangster rap. During this past decade, lyrics are becoming more violent and sexually explicit. It is approximated that teens listen to an average of 40 hours of music a week, and somewhere along the way, a child will hear something derogatory, or cruel. Along with this, teens don’t necessarily interpret what is said through lyrics in the right manner. In one study, only 30% of those somewhat questionable lyrics by popular bands were comprehended by the teen population. Although lyrics are seen as the most likely reason for teen violence to occur, it is questionable as to why? Lyrics allow the listener to interpret the music in any which way they so choose, and for the majority of the time, the listener doesn’t process the lyrics effectively. Lyrics are under the most scrutiny due to explicit content, but when rapper ‘Precise’ was interviewed, he said he didn’t feel the need to kill any one, or bring harm to anyone. Video games, where are actually interactive, force the participant to do the killing, punching, or any other method of violence the game brings, which is what should raise concern to parents and media across the nation. In order for this problem to adjust over time, much work will be necessary. I believe that our country as a whole should focus not so much on the content of the lyrics, but who the musical artists themselves are. Just because lyrics are profound doesn’t mean that the artist believes in them, they could be relating to previous acts that have occurred in their lives, or speaking freely on the problems our society is faced with. It would be beneficial for our country if a sensor council or committee was founded to screen all songs and albums before they’re released, in order to identify them with a warning label or not

Jane Eyre: Temptations to Self Essay

During the mid-nineteenth century, the English writer Charlotte Bronte published Jane Eyre under the pen name Currer Bell. Jane Eyre is a novel of the bildungsroman genre, meaning that is follows a character through the stages of their life. This novel follows the emotions and experiences of its protagonist as she develops into adulthood. On her journey, she finds love in the master of the fictitious Thornfield Hall as well as her true identity. Jane Eyre’s strong sense of morality and equality become the backbone of her definition of self as well as the fight between love and passion. The introduction of love becomes a temptation and develops into an internal battle. The bildungsroman nature of this novel allows the battle to be broken down into the stages defined by the author. Therefore, the first stage is that of Jane Eyre’s time at Thornfield Hall and her courtship with Mr. Rochester. This is the point in which she must chose between herself and her love. Edward Rochester is Jane’s greatest temptation and the largest obstacle to her identity, the battle is most ardently viewed in three separate stages within her time at Thornfield Hall: the inequality of the courtship between Jane and Mr. Rochester, the lead up to the their nuptials and the moral choice after the revelation of Bertha Mason. Jane’s story is one of the search for love from another. This love is not just in the romantic sense, but in the sense of belonging and being valued as well. In order to gain love, Jane must learn how to love and be loved without sacrificing her sense of self in the process. Therefore, love is the greatest quest in Jane Eyre as well as the greatest temptation to a life without morality and equality. During Jane’s first few months at Thornfield, her position of governess and her growing love interest for her master become a temptation to her identity and her reverence for equality. Edward Rochester is an established man and Jane’s employer; he naturally designates himself in command. Jane is a passionate young lady, as observed from the beginning of the novel, she therefore has a quick tongue and her intelligence gives sharpness to her words. Her tendency to allow her opinions to fall from her mouth tests the relationship of master and employee between she and Mr. Rochester. In one instance, he claims authority over her and she responds by claiming that he  had â€Å"no right to command† her and that his â€Å"claim to superiority† depends on the use that he made of his â€Å"time and experience (JE 114)1.† Her dismissal of his authority demonstrates her adherence to equality between herself and everyone in her life. She wishes to be seen as someone of equal standing though she has no money and is seemingly powerless. This lack of social status and personal wealth unnerves her as she realizes that she will never be an independent woman. The nuptials of Mr. Rochester and Jane presents the new temptation to Jane’s identity, that of marriage and wealth. Rochester showering Jane with gifts and the luxuries that come with the ability to provide makes Jane uncomfortable and worry of what she can bring to the marriage. Though Rochester is her love, her being poor and without wealth of her own presents a personal struggle for Jane in this section of her life. Elements of Jane Eyre are feminist, and her inability to provide money, or even work after her marriage is something that leaves Jane feeling uncomfortable. She asserts herself by making it known that she would still be Adele’s governess after the wedding and earn her keep in the household. This demonstrates Jane’s internal drive for equality and wholehearted reliance on it as a part of her identity. Jane feels that if she obtained personal wealth or an inheritance of her own that she and Mr. Rochester would be an equal match. Therefore, when she is economically equal to her mate she will feel ready to marry him. After she inherits twenty thousand pounds from John Eyre, her lost Uncle, she feels financially independent and eventually marries Mr. Rochester. The morality of Jane Eyre is tested when Mr. Rochester asks her to be his mistress while Bertha Mason is still his wife. Jane must again chose between love and the image she has of herself. Rochester asks her to accompany him to the south of France and live as husband and wife. Jane believes in the â€Å"law given by God (JE 270)† and promptly denies him. The themes of conscience and passion seem to echo throughout the entirety of Jane Eyre and the question of which one to follow. The passion of Jane is inescapable and yet she has a seemingly close relationship with God. Jane chooses conscience over passion at this point in the novel, up until now she relied heavily on  emotion and forgot reason. She was replacing God with her love of Mr. Rochester, and now she must reject the man that she placed on a heavenly pedestal. At this time, she realizes that â€Å"laws and principles are not for times when there is no temptation: they are for such moments as this. (JE 270)† She knows that she must leave Thornfield Hall and Mr. Rochester in order to find the balance within herself once more. She fears the loss of her autonomy, and this fear motivates her to refuse Mr. Rochester’s proposal of â€Å"marriage.† By Rochester remaining legally married to Bertha Mason, Jane believed she would be making herself a mistress and therefore would lose her own integrity and morality. Jane’s battle of love reaches its climax as she is challenged by choosing herself or choosing Rochester As Jane readies to leave Thornfield she has an internal conflict, between the love she feels and her own identity. â€Å"Soothe him; save him; love him; tell him you love him and will be his (JE 270).† Jane argues with herself eventually challenging her identity with â€Å" Who in the world cares for you? (JE 270)†This is the pinnacle of temptation over identity. Her battle with love comes to its climax, here she must choose between her love for a man who treats her with inequality and immorally asks her to marry him though he has a wife already; or her own strict adherence to herself. Her response to the question of who cares is â€Å"I care for myself. The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will respect myself (JE 270).†Bronte chose for Jane to choose herself over Rochester, by doing so Jane becomes stronger than Rochester. The choice to abandon love and for Jane to find strength in herself is the reason that Jane finds a happy ending. This avoidance of temptation, allows Jane to ultimately reach self-actualization in her eventual marriage of Rochester. The most noteworthy man in Jane Eyre attempts to establish himself as dominant over Jane and therefore unequal. Jane never allows her independence to be compromised, nor does she allow the temptations that plague her to break her understanding of herself. The only time that Jane submits to a man in the novel is once she knows that she is intellectually, financially and emotionally equal. Only after she proves that she has reached self-actualization can she happily marry Mr. Rochester and not be dependent  on him as her master. Their marriage could only happen if it was to happen between equals, â€Å"I am my husband’s life as fully as he is mine†¦To be together is for us to be at once in solitude, as gay as in company†¦we are precisely suited in character – perfect concord is the result (JE 384).† Jane Eyre is an attempt to deny the patriarchal forces that command and control women and to allow women to find their own voices and their own selves and to follow them. Jane’s self was one of morality and equality, and that was most clearly viewed in her relationship with Edward Rochester, through their courtship, attempted wedding and her eventual decision to leave and find her own way. Jane Eyre’s happy ending is her own doing and her own fight for equality and morality.

Non verbal Communication Essay

Good communication is the foundation of successful relationships, both personal and professional. But we communicate with much more than words. Most of the messages we send other people are nonverbal. Nonverbal communication includes our facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, posture, and tone of voice. The ability to understand and use nonverbal communication, or body language, is a powerful tool that can help you connect with others, express what you really mean, navigate challenging situations, and build better relationships. What is nonverbal communication and body language? Nonverbal communication, or body language, is a vital form of communication—a natural, unconscious language that broadcasts our true feelings and intentions in any given moment, and clues us in to the feelings and intentions of those around us. When we interact with others, we continuously give and receive wordless signals. All of our nonverbal behaviors—the gestures we make, the way we sit, how fast or how loud we talk, how close we stand, how much eye contact we make—send strong messages. These messages don’t stop when you stop speaking either. Even when you’re silent, you’re still communicating nonverbally. Oftentimes, what we say and what we communicate through body language are two totally different things. When faced with these mixed signals, the listener has to choose whether to believe your verbal or nonverbal message, and, in most cases, they’re going to choose nonverbal. Why nonverbal communication matters The way you listen, look, move, and react tells the other person whether or not you care, if you’re being truthful, and how well you’re listening. When your nonverbal signals match up with the words you’re saying, they increase trust, clarity, and rapport. When they don’t, they generate tension, mistrust, and confusion. If you want to communicate better in all areas of your life, it’s important to become more sensitive to body language and other nonverbal cues, so you can be more in tune with the thoughts and feelings of others. You also need to be aware of the signals you’re sending off, so you can be sure that the messages you’re sending are what you really want to communicate. Types of nonverbal communication and body language There are many different types of nonverbal communication. Together, the following nonverbal signals and cues communicate your interest and investment in others. Facial expressions The human face is extremely expressive, able to express countless emotions without saying a word. And unlike some forms of nonverbal communication, facial expressions are universal. The facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust are the same across cultures. Body movements and posture Consider how your perceptions of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand up, or hold their head. The way you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information to the world. This type of nonverbal communication includes your posture, bearing, stance, and subtle movements. Gestures Gestures are woven into the fabric of our daily lives. We wave, point, beckon, and use our hands when we’re arguing or speaking animatedly—expressing ourselves with gestures often without thinking. However, the meaning of gestures can be very different across cultures and regions, so it’s important to be careful to avoid misinterpretation. Eye contact Since the visual sense is dominant for most people, eye contact is an especially important type of nonverbal communication. The way you look at someone can communicate many things, including interest, affection, hostility, or attraction. Eye contact is also important in maintaining the flow of conversation and for gauging the other person’s response. Touch We communicate a great deal through touch. Think about the messages given by the following: a firm handshake, a timid tap on the shoulder, a warm bear hug, a reassuring pat on the back, a patronizing pat on the head, or a controlling grip on your arm. Space Have you ever felt uncomfortable during a conversation because the other  person was standing too close and invading your space? We all have a need for physical space, although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship. You can use physical space to communicate many different nonverbal messages, including signals of intimacy, aggression, dominance, or affection. Voice It’s not just what you say, it’s how you say it. When we speak, other people â€Å"read† our voices in addition to listening to our words. Things they pay attention to include your timing and pace, how loud you speak, your tone and inflection, and sounds that convey understanding, such as â€Å"ahh† and â€Å"uh-huh.† Think about how tone of voice, for example, can indicate sarcasm, anger, affection, or confidence. How nonverbal communication can go wrong It takes more than words to create satisfying, strong relationships. Nonverbal communication has a huge impact on the quality of your personal and professional relationships. What you communicate through your body language and nonverbal signals affects how others see you, how well they like and respect you, and whether or not they trust you. Unfortunately, many people send confusing or negative nonverbal signals without even knowing it. When this happens, both connection and trust are damaged.

Cmo queda ley Arizona SB1070 tras decisin de Corte

Cmo queda ley Arizona SB1070 tras decisin de Corte En 2010, el estado de Arizona inicià ³ con Ley SB1070 un empuje para tratar de restringir la inmigracià ³n indocumentada dentro de su territorio, siendo su ejemplo seguido por otros estados como Alabama, Georgia y Utah. Esta ley fue objeto de gran debate polà ­tico y su suerte se decidià ³ en las cortes federales. En este artà ­culo se informa sobre cules provisiones de la ley fueron impugnadas por la administracià ³n del presidente Barack Obama, quà © decidià ³ la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos al respecto y quà © se puede aplicar de la Ley SB1071 en la actualidad y quà © no se puede, por considerarse inconstitucional. Partes de la ley SB1070 de Arizona que aplican Por decisià ³n conocida como Arizona vs. United States y con cinco votos contra tres de la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos en junio de 2012 se decidià ³ que es constitucional la parte de la ley SB1070 que concede a los oficiales de policà ­a del estado de Arizona el poder para investigar el estatus migratorio de todas aquellas personas que detiene, arresta o para y de las que se sospeche razonablemente que pueden ser extranjeros indocumentados. Adems, siempre han aplicado porque nunca se les impugnà ³ las provisiones que establecen que el estado de Arizona, los condados y los municipios no pueden limitar la accià ³n de la policà ­a a la hora de aplicar las leyes federales de inmigracià ³n. Lo mismo aplica a la provisià ³n que autoriza castigar a toda persona que es contratada o contrata desde un vehà ­culo. No importa, en este à ºltimo caso, que el que contrate sea un ciudadano estadounidense. La ley convierte a esta actividad en ilegal tambià ©n para à ©l o ella, quien se arriesga a sufrir las consecuencias, incluida la posibilidad de perder el auto desde el que pretendà ­a contratar a una persona que se encontraba en la calle o en una esquina solicitando trabajo. Secciones de la ley SB1070 de Arizona que no aplican Las siguientes provisiones no aplican: En primer lugar, la obligacià ³n para todos los extranjeros mayores de 14 aà ±os y que pasen ms de 30 dà ­as en EEUU de que se registren con las autoridades federales y que lleven consigo en todo momento la documentacià ³n que pruebe que se han registrado. En segundo lugar, la disposicià ³n que consideraba delito tener o buscar un trabajo en Arizona si no se tiene un permiso federal para trabajar. En tercer lugar, la disposicià ³n que autorizaba a la policà ­a a detener a todos los inmigrantes de los que exista sospecha de que han cometido una ofensa que tiene como castigo la deportacià ³n. La situacià ³n migratoria actual en los Estados Unidos Con la llegada a la Casa Blanca del presidente Donald Trump se han producido importantes cambios en materia migratoria en relacià ³n a refugiados, asilados y tambià ©n a migrantes indocumentados. Asà ­, en la actualidad son prioridad para deportacià ³n prcticamente todos los indocumentados. La à ºnica excepcià ³n a esa regla general por el momento son los 750 mil muchachos conocidos como Dreamers y que estn protegidos por el programa de la Accià ³n Diferida, que se conoce por sus siglas en inglà ©s de DACA. Sin embargo, incluso para ellos la situacià ³n es complicada porque el el propio presidente puso fin a ese programa. Los muchachos con DACA aprobado con anterioridad a la decisià ³n del presidente Trump siguen amparados, al menos por el momento, por decisiones judiciales, pero no se admiten aplicaciones nuevas al programa. Por otro lado, los migrantes indocumentados tienen derechos que no pueden ser ignorados y es aconsejable que todos ellos conozcan quà © puede hacer y quà © deben callar en el caso de ser arrestados o detenidos. Sin embargo, mientras el gobierno federal y algunos estados endurecen las medidas para restringir la migracià ³n indocumentada, otros estados mantienen o promueven su proteccià ³n dentro de los là ­mites permitidos a las autoridades estatales o municipales, como por ejemplo, el caso de las ciudades santuario. Otro ejemplo es el de los estados que emiten licencias de manejar para los indocumentados, como es el caso de California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Nevada, Nuevo Mà ©xico, Utah, Vermont y Washington, asà ­ como la ciudad de Washington D.C. la capital de Estados Unidos. Por à ºltimo, cabe destacar que dependiendo de las circunstancias de cada migrante, en ocasiones es posible encontrar un camino para regularizar la situacià ³n y obtener una tarjeta de residente permanente, tambià ©n conocida como green card. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal de ningà ºn tipo. Puntos Clave de la Ley SB1070 de Arizona restrictiva de la migracià ³n indocumentada La Ley SB1070 de Arizona fue una de las primeras y duras con objeto de restringir la migracià ³n indocumentada en su territorio. Fue objeto de gran debate y la Corte Suprema decidià ³ que parte de la misma era inconstitucional.En la actualidad estn en vigor y pueden ser aplicadas las siguientes provisiones:La policà ­a puede informarse sobre el estatus migratorio de cualquier persona que para, arresta o detiene y de la que sospeche que puede estar en EE.UU. ilegalmente.La policà ­a de las ciudades y condados no puede impedir la aplicacià ³n de ninguna ley migratoria federal.Es ilegal contratar o ser contratado desde un vehà ­culo.Los migrantes mayores de 18 aà ±os estn obligados a llevar un documento que pruebe que estn en el paà ­s legalmente. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Euthanasia is the Wrong Way to Go.

Euthanasia is the Wrong Way to Go. Euthanasia is the Wrong Way to Go.Do you believe in miracles? Does everything always turn out to be the way we perceive them? Does sickness always lead to death? With the use of Euthanasia and physician assisted suicide, yes it does. Euthanasia is the practice of putting terminally ill people to death painlessly, cutting their life short of the possibility to recuperate. I feel that in this case a medical license does not differentiate a doctor from a murderer. Assisting in ones death is immoral, unethical and should not only be a crime, but it should be viewed as premeditated murder rather than assisted suicide. Euthanasia is a shrouded killer and the physician that assist in the practice of it is no more then its sidekick.For instance, if you follow the work of Dr. Jack Kevorkian and those in which he helped to execute you will understand my theory.English: Raffi Hovannisian speaking at UCLA's "An ...Kevorkian's role in assisting suicides made controversial headlines all around the world. Kevorkian made a machine that would allow terminally ill patience to end their life with the touch of a button. He created the Thanatron its Greek for "death machine." The Thenatron released an anesthetic and then a lethal injection of potassium chloride that goes through the veins. Potassium chloride is a chemical that causes the heart to stop beating. The government uses this same chemical for executions by lethal injection. Kevorkian started gaining popularity because of his new death machine. In 1989 a 54-year-old woman with Alzheimer's disease named Janet Adkins, got in touch with Kevorkian and asked for his assistance. Adkins became the first person to die using the Thanatron. After Adkins's death prosecutors in Oakland County, Michigan, charged Kevorkian with murder. However a judge eventually dismissed the charges, but the judge prohibited Kevorkian from using...

Compose a report on management performance characteristics Essay - 1

Compose a report on management performance characteristics - Essay Example The author analyzed personal traits crucial in the workplace such as effective listening and communication skills, as well as, work as a team in order to accomplish organizational goals effectively. The author revealed significant strategies for developing work place effectiveness such as managing emotions and developing emotion competences. Lastly, the conclusion provided a brief summary of the study report. The recent economic recession has led to tremendous disruption in the global business; thus enabling many companies to employ effective management skills. Managers across the globe are nowadays trying to employ effective strategies and leadership styles that can enable them to achieve successful business performance. The research studies have made varied attempts of revealing relevant management practices and effective factors, which have a positive relation with organizational performance. They have made an attempt of revealing the management theory and the way this theory have been applied in varied companies to create organizational change. Managers exploit unique management performance characteristics in order improve organizational performance; thus enabling the company to achieve a competitive advantage. Thus, the report offer an analysis of effective management performance characteristics one can employ in order to improve organizational performance. The previous research on workplace management performance and practices has attempted to examine the effect of personality traits and work performance aspects. Barrick, Mount and Li (132) examine the core principle of personality trait theory and the purposeful goals it play in an organizational performance. The authors further argue that when the motivational forces are linked with job characteristics, individuals improve work performance. Personality traits plays significant roles in an organizational

The Great Mandela Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

The Great Mandela - Essay Example Many of the libraries and online resources that I sought had limited information which was too limited to be used. However, with intense research and accessing worldwide resource centers, I was able to get the information I needed. I had earlier written the guide to the information I needed so I had an easy time getting the important information and discarding the fluff. Being a famous leader in Africa and the world at large many scholars have written articles and journals on his rise and tribulations in the quest for freedom and equity in a country marred with racial prejudice during the apartheid period. Another problem I encountered is the authenticity of the information available over the search engines. Many people who post their information on the online forums do not intensive research and so they end up delivering information that is either compromised in quality or not true. I, therefore, had to compare information from various sources so as to come up with a final draft tha t was the best of all the ones that I sourced information from. This helped me a lot as I learned more about the African icon and so I had the choice to get the best for my work. This was time-consuming but worth it. Lastly, I had to be conversant with the rules of sourcing information so as to produce original work. Plagiarism is not allowed and so I had accredited all the people who contributed to the literature that I used for my work. At last, I had my work which covers the life of Nelson Mandela.

Domhus UK Ltd. Quality and Environmental Management Systems Report Essay

Domhus UK Ltd. Quality and Environmental Management Systems Report - Essay Example The management system standard that is currently the most commonly employed and recognized is the quality improvement standard ISO 9001. The ISO 9001 standard comprises of the requirements as per which the organizations are certified. The chief requirements under the ISO 9001 are forming goals and targets, carrying out evaluations and performing remedial and preventative measures, handling documents and re-evaluating the system among others (Rasmussen, 2007, pp 17-18). Environmental Management Systems Standards The recent times had observed rising environmental legislation, enhanced interest amid stockholders in terms of environmental concerns in addition to business organizations’ inclination to accomplish reduction in expenses by minimising the use of energy, water and so on. This had led to the evolution of environmental management system standards (Wilkinson & Dale, 2002, p 285). The rationale behind the formation of standards for environmental management system is to endow companies with an efficient system for administrating services, and product development activities which have environmental influence. British Standardization Institute was the foremost body to create standards for environmental management systems. Nevertheless, the most distinguished and most exercised standards of environmental management are the ISO standard (Wilkinson & Dale, 1999, p 100). ... This had led to the evolution of environmental management system standards (Wilkinson & Dale, 2002, p 285). The rationale behind the formation of standards for environmental management system is to endow companies with an efficient system for administrating services, and product development activities which have environmental influence. British Standardization Institute was the foremost body to create standards for environmental management systems. Nevertheless, the most distinguished and most exercised standards of environmental management are the ISO standard (Wilkinson & Dale, 1999, p 100). Integrated Management Systems The development of management system standards started with the creation of quality management. However, with the passage of time, several management systems have evolved comprising of a broad range of organizational aspects. The rising number of management systems had resulted in the model of integrated management systems that brings about the amalgamation of a nu mber of individual management systems. The thought behind the theory of integrated management system is that a company can handle its business operations by means of an integrated structure instead of using many individual systems. The integration of quality management, environmental management systems and the occupational health & safety management system is the most common structure in the integrated management systems. This concept became applicable with the publication and implementation of ISO 14000 in addition to other standards (Zutshi & Sohal, 2005, p 213). Benefits of Integrating There are various benefits that an organization can enjoy as a result of integrating its different management systems. This is because the quality,

Celiac's Disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Celiac's Disease - Essay Example "The incidence of auto immune disorders in the general US population is 3.5 % (The University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center 2)." As per some well informed estimates, nearly 3 million Americans suffer from celiac disease. An average healthy person in the US has roughly 1 in 133 chances of being affected by this disorder. Persons having a first-degree or second-degree relative suffering from celiac disease do often have a more then average probability of being affected by this disease. Most of the patients suffering from celiac disease develop related complications owing to a delayed diagnosis. Thus an early diagnosis of celiac disease is very important as this may significantly reduce the risk of developing further complications (The University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center 2). Though the etiology of celiac disease has not conclusively been established till date, environmental, immunologic and genetic factors have been found to be significant contributors to the disease. The most prominent environmental factor is the association of this disease with gluten. Not only does gluten restriction plays a central role in the treatment of this disease, but the insertion of gluten in the normal appearing rectum and distal ileum of the affected patients results in discernable morphologic changes (Kasper, et al. 1771). An immunologic component to this disease is strongly suspected because of the presence of "serum antibodies- IgA antigliadin, IgA antiendomysial and IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTg) (Kasper et al. 1771)" in the affected patients. Also the patients treated with prednisolone have been found to respond favorably. A genetic factor is certainly associated with this order, since the Caucasians have been found to have a higher prevalence of celiac diseas e as compared to blacks and Asians (Kasper et al. 1771).Though the symptoms of celiac disease may vary from patient to patient, the common symptoms may involve: bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, discolored teeth or loss of enamel, joint pain, significant unexplained weight loss, delayed growth, fractures or thin bones, bulky or loose stools, fatigue, tingling or numbness in the limbs, canker sores, irritability or behavior changes, poor weight gain and missed menstrual periods (National Foundation for Celiac Awareness). Illnesses like: Anemia, depression, Type I diabetes, Sjogren's syndrome, dermatitis herpetiformis, infertility, IBS, peripheral neuropathy, Turner Syndrome, osteoporosis, thyroid disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, intestinal cancer, Down syndrome, Williams syndrome, may also be linked to celiac disease (National Foundation for Celiac Awareness).The most credible way of diagnosing celiac sprue is a small intestine biopsy. A biopsy should unexceptionally be performed on the patients exhibiting distinct symptoms of celiac disease, like nutrient deficiency and malabsorption (Kasper et al. 1772). Many a times the patients suffering from celiac disease fail to exhibit any distinct or conspicuous symptoms of this malady. In the recent years, the incidence of asymptomatic cases of celiac disease has been on the rise (Craig et al 1). Thus it is imperative for a

Euro Crisis in terms of the Greek Debt Issue Research Paper

Euro Crisis in terms of the Greek Debt Issue - Research Paper Example This aspect caught the government of Greece unawares because the expenditure that had been made on the defense equipments was so high meaning that the rest of the country’s economy had been under budgeted. The major economic sources that comprised of tourism and the shipping industry were adversely affected by the economic deterioration that had hit all parts of the world. Lack of monetary fund to plan and budget for the governmental and non-governments needs arose in 2010. This caused the government of Greece to request for a loan in late April in the year 2010 from the European Union and International Monetary Fund (IMF) so that it could be able to cater for its needs and the needs of its citizens. Researchers announced few days after the issuing of the loan that the Greek government could not be able to repay the loan thus the investors that have invested in the Greek government and companies risked losing almost half of their investments. This announcement caused fear amon g the investors, existing and willing investors, and they withdrew from their original plans to avoid further losses. Effects of the crisis of Greece The Greek government had to introduce drastic measures that led to the infliction of high economic standards to the citizens of Greece in May that year. The high cost of living and low-income rates due to high taxes and other governmental requirements made the Greek citizens to have a series of peaceful protests, which later turned into social instability and riots in Greece. The International Monetary Fund in conjunction with European Union intervened and added an additional loan to the Greek government in 2011 on condition that it could regulate the flow of money and economy (James, 2001). In addition, Greece was supposed to come up with a structure of repaying the loan. This structure was to be produced by the Greek government and agreed upon by the International Monetary Fund, European Union and the Greek government. The European U nion gave pressure to the prime minister of Greece due to the improper management and governance during his regime and threatened to withdrawal part of the loan that they were supposed to process for the Greek government. This led to George Papandreou step down to give room for an election of a new and focused regime to cover for the damages caused and give room for more external and internal donations and loans. The resigning of the prime minister caused or led to the release of the percent of the loan that had remained and the appointment of an interim prime minister to take control of the debt repayment and proper use of allocated funds. Scholars and economic analysts has been following up the case of the Greek economic break down and that of the European Union and are suggesting a possible break through for the European nations. The economic analysts are suggesting that the Greek government should stop using Euros and bring back its former currency, drachma, as its currency unti l it stabilizes. However, this would result in a political and economical instability and deterioration (Drazen, 2011). Some scholars argue that the reintroduction of the drachma would result to a more than 50% fall in its value if Greece chose to drop the use of Euro. This would mean that that the Greek government would suffer from high rates of inflation and there are possibilities of riots, military coups and war. In order to avoid this outcome, the

Project Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Project Management - Case Study Example In addition, the acquisition of the best and most competent people to manage projects ensures that the stakeholders of the organization stay up to date with the current knowledge about it as well as ensuring that they take advantage of all offers that the organization has to give, hence giving the organization a competitive edge over other’s. The hiring of competent staff ensures that an organization is able to make adjustments quickly, according to the changes in the marketing scene in the world and it does this for the purpose of assisting its stakeholders keep up to speed of things so that they do not lose any opportunities if there are any unexpected changes. Having competent people managing an organization’s projects provides a swift means through which individuals can easily be able to make connections with people and resources which they have need of in order receive the services they want from the organization. It has been stated that the acquisition of competen t managers for projects is one of the reasons why many organizations in the world today have become successful and are able to retain this success. One only has to log onto the internet to see the scale of success that many companies have been able to acquire and all of this due to competent project management that has been prevalent within them (Mauro, Plinio, Gilmar and Mamerto, 2012). It has been found that competent management is a means through which an organization can be able to ensure that it does not face any damaging scandals because of mismanagement (Baird and Riggins, 2012). While previously it was a subject which was not taken based on merit, the selection of project managers has now developed into a massive undertaking which has created the need to have competence in working on projects, because to not do so would be to doom the project or the organization to failure, like the case of Gary Allison in the Orion Shield project. As the years have progressed, project manag ement is moving from being a profession where individuals can survive without a lack of skills to one where there is plenty of opportunity for those who take a direct hand and are dedicated to it (Cruceru, 2012). When managing a project, managers have to be able to ensure that they have complete control of the project, otherwise, there is likely to be failures due to incompetence. In addition, project managers should adopt a strategy that is so well done it touches the emotions of those who witness it and as long as more people continue to the activities being done within the project, then the influence of this project is likely to be immense. It has become common knowledge that effective project management is essential and this belief has developed to such an extent that many organizations have actually come to believe that it is the solution to the diverse problems that they have been experiencing with their own projects. More organizations than ever today are making a bid to ensu re that they not only have competent managers, but also that their projects are done in the most professional way possible. The lack of professionalism has created a situation where organizations

Celiac's Disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Celiac's Disease - Essay Example "The incidence of auto immune disorders in the general US population is 3.5 % (The University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center 2)." As per some well informed estimates, nearly 3 million Americans suffer from celiac disease. An average healthy person in the US has roughly 1 in 133 chances of being affected by this disorder. Persons having a first-degree or second-degree relative suffering from celiac disease do often have a more then average probability of being affected by this disease. Most of the patients suffering from celiac disease develop related complications owing to a delayed diagnosis. Thus an early diagnosis of celiac disease is very important as this may significantly reduce the risk of developing further complications (The University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center 2). Though the etiology of celiac disease has not conclusively been established till date, environmental, immunologic and genetic factors have been found to be significant contributors to the disease. The most prominent environmental factor is the association of this disease with gluten. Not only does gluten restriction plays a central role in the treatment of this disease, but the insertion of gluten in the normal appearing rectum and distal ileum of the affected patients results in discernable morphologic changes (Kasper, et al. 1771). An immunologic component to this disease is strongly suspected because of the presence of "serum antibodies- IgA antigliadin, IgA antiendomysial and IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTg) (Kasper et al. 1771)" in the affected patients. Also the patients treated with prednisolone have been found to respond favorably. A genetic factor is certainly associated with this order, since the Caucasians have been found to have a higher prevalence of celiac diseas e as compared to blacks and Asians (Kasper et al. 1771).Though the symptoms of celiac disease may vary from patient to patient, the common symptoms may involve: bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, discolored teeth or loss of enamel, joint pain, significant unexplained weight loss, delayed growth, fractures or thin bones, bulky or loose stools, fatigue, tingling or numbness in the limbs, canker sores, irritability or behavior changes, poor weight gain and missed menstrual periods (National Foundation for Celiac Awareness). Illnesses like: Anemia, depression, Type I diabetes, Sjogren's syndrome, dermatitis herpetiformis, infertility, IBS, peripheral neuropathy, Turner Syndrome, osteoporosis, thyroid disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, intestinal cancer, Down syndrome, Williams syndrome, may also be linked to celiac disease (National Foundation for Celiac Awareness).The most credible way of diagnosing celiac sprue is a small intestine biopsy. A biopsy should unexceptionally be performed on the patients exhibiting distinct symptoms of celiac disease, like nutrient deficiency and malabsorption (Kasper et al. 1772). Many a times the patients suffering from celiac disease fail to exhibit any distinct or conspicuous symptoms of this malady. In the recent years, the incidence of asymptomatic cases of celiac disease has been on the rise (Craig et al 1). Thus it is imperative for a

Project Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Project Management - Case Study Example In addition, the acquisition of the best and most competent people to manage projects ensures that the stakeholders of the organization stay up to date with the current knowledge about it as well as ensuring that they take advantage of all offers that the organization has to give, hence giving the organization a competitive edge over other’s. The hiring of competent staff ensures that an organization is able to make adjustments quickly, according to the changes in the marketing scene in the world and it does this for the purpose of assisting its stakeholders keep up to speed of things so that they do not lose any opportunities if there are any unexpected changes. Having competent people managing an organization’s projects provides a swift means through which individuals can easily be able to make connections with people and resources which they have need of in order receive the services they want from the organization. It has been stated that the acquisition of competen t managers for projects is one of the reasons why many organizations in the world today have become successful and are able to retain this success. One only has to log onto the internet to see the scale of success that many companies have been able to acquire and all of this due to competent project management that has been prevalent within them (Mauro, Plinio, Gilmar and Mamerto, 2012). It has been found that competent management is a means through which an organization can be able to ensure that it does not face any damaging scandals because of mismanagement (Baird and Riggins, 2012). While previously it was a subject which was not taken based on merit, the selection of project managers has now developed into a massive undertaking which has created the need to have competence in working on projects, because to not do so would be to doom the project or the organization to failure, like the case of Gary Allison in the Orion Shield project. As the years have progressed, project manag ement is moving from being a profession where individuals can survive without a lack of skills to one where there is plenty of opportunity for those who take a direct hand and are dedicated to it (Cruceru, 2012). When managing a project, managers have to be able to ensure that they have complete control of the project, otherwise, there is likely to be failures due to incompetence. In addition, project managers should adopt a strategy that is so well done it touches the emotions of those who witness it and as long as more people continue to the activities being done within the project, then the influence of this project is likely to be immense. It has become common knowledge that effective project management is essential and this belief has developed to such an extent that many organizations have actually come to believe that it is the solution to the diverse problems that they have been experiencing with their own projects. More organizations than ever today are making a bid to ensu re that they not only have competent managers, but also that their projects are done in the most professional way possible. The lack of professionalism has created a situation where organizations

Compare the representations of Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

Compare the representations of Frankenstein Essay Compare the representations of Frankenstein in Branaghs Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and the 1931 film Frankenstein directed by James Whale Language- 1931: Camera    Close ups are not used on Frankenstein as Branagh wants people to wonder what he looks like. There are lots of pans to show the set and the people there.   There is a close up on the monsters hand when it is twitching. There arent many edits which makes it boring and not very interesting. Sound    Diegetic sound is the machines, Frankenstein shouting, noise of the monster being taken up. Non-diegetic sound is the thunder; there is no music at all in the extract. Mise-en-scene    Henry Frankenstein is wearing a lab coat/straight jacket, which gives the impression that he is crazy.   He has slicked back hair using hair oil.   The acting style is very over the top, like theatrical acting. Frankenstein is side lit, to make him look scared and horrified.   Overall the lighting is mostly by top lights and sometimes the lightening. 1994: Camera    There are lots of frantic zooms, pans and also up and down shots, which makes the audience intimidated. The camera follows Frankenstein and shows his emotions/feelings.   The edits are very fast and unnoticeable, using cuts and jump cuts.   By making the editing quicker, this builds up the tension. Sound    Diegetic sound are the chains, machines moving, bangs, slots into the body, the electricity sparks and also Frankensteins voice and movements.   Non diegetic sound is the dramatic theme music, building up to create much more tension. Mise-en-scene    Victor Frankenstein is dressed in trousers but with no top. However the monster is naked. Frankensteins hair is shoulder length, which is very messy and sweaty. The acting style is exciting and energetic but not mad.   Frankenstein is mainly lit on his upper body.   There are lots of side lights and candle light, however the room looks dark. Institutions 1931:   In black and white.   Universal studios made the film, as they knew horror would be a big money spinner.   It was voted one of the best films of the year by New York Times. 1994:   It wasnt as brand new as it was in 1931, as in 1994 many horror films had been out. The technology was much more advanced and a lot had changed from 1931, new ideas and there was a new effect on people. Audience 1931: The big actor, Boris Karloff was used to attract the audiences.   People in 1931 were different to 1994, as it was all fresh and new to them.   Cinema was a get away for people.   Frankenstein was a big horror, and scared the audiences of its day.   The monster, which was thought as Frankenstein became a big horror icon, with a built up brow and a bolt through his neck. 1994: Kenneth Branagh and Robert de Niro were used to attract audiences. Horror films were the norm to people in 1994. They were a lot more sophisticated.   Money was much more wide-spread in 1994 but wasnt as much in 1931. Representation 1931: Frankenstein was dressed very much like a man in 1931.   His movements, delivery of the lines and his acting style is all over the top, like in the way of a theatre play. The light is normally based on the monster and when its on Frankenstein, the light would be on his upper body. The 1931 film changes Frankensteins name to Henry, rather than Victor The audience are supposed to react to Frankenstein in a scary way and that he comes across very mad. 1994:   Frankenstein dresses and looks very much like a man of the time that the novel was written.   His movements and acting style is energetic and exciting however doesnt come across at all mad. The light is mainly based on Frankensteins upper body; the rest of the room is very dark.   The music interprets Frankenstein very well, as he is running around being busy. The music is a fast, dramatic orchestra. Frankensteins name stays the same as the novel, which is Victor.   The audience are supposed to think that Frankenstein is very involved with his work and wants to get it done to see the result.

The challenges of Globalization on Small Medium Enterprises

The challenges of Globalization on Small Medium Enterprises description on project background. In the context of Tanzania, the majority of SMEs fall under the informal sector and engaging up to 4 people, in most cases family members or employing capital amounting up to Tshs.5.0 million / $3,235.83. (Tanzania chamber of commerce industry and Agriculture, 2007). The SMEs cover non-farm economic activities mainly manufacturing, mining, commerce and services. (Tanzania ministry of industry, trade and marketing, 2007). It is easy to establish SMEs all over the world and in Tanzania in particular, since their requirements in terms of capital, technology, management and even utilities are not as demanding as it is the case for large enterprises. These enterprises are also established in rural settings and thus add value to agro products and at the same time facilitate the dispersal of enterprises. About one third of the GDP originates from SME sector. The sector has more than 1.7 Million businesses, engaging about 3 million people, who occupy about 20% of the total labour force. 92% of the annual school leavers (at all levels) in Tanzania are potentially absorbed by the SME sector. There are about 700,000 new entrants in the SME sector every year. (Saiguran, 2007) Therefore it is reflected already that the SME sector plays a crucial role in the economy. Some of the problems faced by SMEs in Tanzania include; SMEs constitute a higher credit risk because they often lack diversification in their sources of income and/or are concentrated relative to large firms, with the possible exception of SMEs oriented to the consumer segment (niche market). They also suffer from significant uncertainty regarding potential tax liabilities. There is no Opaqueness in balance sheets therefore reflecting weak accounting practices and non-transparent information. (Tanzania chamber of commerce industry and Agriculture, 2007). All this results into banks being reluctant to lend them money as a result of low credit worthiness which leaves SMEs with limited access to finance. A report from the (ministry on industry and trade in Tanzania, 2002) reports the following problems; In addition, Business Development Services, namely services related to entrepreneurship, business training, marketing, technology development and information are underdeveloped and not readily available. There is very weak demand for the products produced by SMEs arising from low and dwindling consumer purchasing power as well as competition that arises with similar imported products. Then again, SME operators lack information as well as appreciation for such services and can hardly manage to pay for to pay for the services. As a result, operators of the sector have rather low skills. Also, there is no umbrella connection for SMEs. Simultaneously, the institutions and associations supporting SMEs are weak, fragmented and uncoordinated partly due to lack of clear guidance and policy for the development of the sector. Distortionary regulations affecting SMEs (Unfavorable legal and regulatory framework). Tanzania is listed among the top 10 difficult countries to build a warehouse, it takes 12 procedures to register a property,  ¾ of Tanzanian businesses complain of taxation administration (local and central), and it takes 13 procedures to start a business and 35 days long, at a cost of 161 percent income per capita. These all add up to high compliance costs which tend to reduce the resources needed for investment and high operational costs which results into high competitiveness of local domestic products both in internal and external markets. Another problem is as far as the infrastructure is concerned, the roads are very bad thus affecting transport in a way that it makes it difficult and costly to move goods from one point to another within the country and adds up to costs. The power is also unreliable and unstable and can disrupt deadlines. Communication is undeveloped and costly. It is difficult to obtain network in rural areas thus affecting the business activities of SMEs and also affecting their cost of production. A heavy cost of compliance resulting from their size is also one of the problems faced by SMEs. This is because they have limited resources (in terms of financial means and manpower). Their spending for market research and market entry take a much higher proportion of their total spending. All in all, this project will be analyzing the importance of SMEs in Tanzania and evaluate their contribution to the country. The problems/ challenges in terms of growth, and their characteristics in relation to Globalization including those mentioned above will be analyzed. Various ways in which SMEs can grow to venture into global markets will be sought for their betterment and future enhancement in their businesses. C. Brief description of project objectives. (i.e. scope of proposal, constructs used, limitations and significance) The objective of this project is to investigate the impact of Globalization on SMEs in Tanzania. These impacts can be both positive and negative. It will also evaluate the importance of SMEs in the Tanzanian economy. Secondly, would be to assess the challenges faced by SMEs due to Globalization. Thirdly, a review on existing Government promotion policies and strategies on the Tanzanian SMEs will be prepared. Lastly but not least, is to determine ways in which the SMEs in Tanzania can grow to become global players. As for the limitations; for the questionnaires sent out, the responses may be limited. It would be very difficult to get the respondents to answer to the questionnaires. Another limitation would be in the selection of the sample. The sampling frame is very vast thus making it quite difficult to get the correct respondents for the interviews and questionnaires. As for the sample size which is about 100 people, the limitation is that the cost is relatively high especially when conducting long distance interviews over the phone. Lastly but not least, this research is limited to SMEs in Dar-es-Salaam so it may not be possible to generalize it to the whole of Tanzania. The significance of this project is to look at the challenges of SMEs in Tanzania and use it as a prototype to other African countries. There is very limited research on SMEs in Tanzania and this project will contribute as a research paper. This project will also open the eyes of SMEs to growth and development in relation to Globalization. D. Brief description of the models/theories/concepts that will be used in this proposal. (i.e. consumer behaviourism model, CSF and etc.) In this project some important internationalization models will be used, they include, eclectic paradigm of international production by Professor John H. Dunning, Porters Diamond and the theory of Marginal Industry Dilation by Professor Kiyoshi Kojima. There are three reasons for the use of the eclectic paradigm. Firstly the paradigm is based on the theories about multinational enterprises. Secondly, the model can be used to explain all types of foreign direct investment (FDI). And lastly, and most importantly, the model embraces all the three ways in which a firm can engage in foreign activities, i.e. foreign direct investment, trade, and contractual resource transfers, e.g. licensing, technical assistance or management and franchising agreements. Moreover, the model makes it possible to predict which route will be preferred. (Bulcke, 2003) According to (Porter, 1998) he designed a diamond shaped basis of a framework to illustrate the determinants of national advantage. This diamond illustrates the national playing field that countries establish for their industries. Porters Diamond will be used to demonstrate the factors of competitive advantage for SMEs in Tanzania. The theory of marginal industry dilation is an important foreign direct investment theory to developing countries. Its connotation fits for the true situation of countries middle and small size enterprises. SMEs could use this theory as a direction thus helping them go abroad bravely and develop multinational management. The expansive environment and ardent competition will develop SMEs and prepare them to face the challenge of the economic globalization. (Free papers, 2006) E. Academic research being carried out and other information, techniques being learnt. (i.e. literature what are the names of books you are going to read / data sets you are going to use) The books used will mostly talk about Globalization, the African economy, Internationalization. Journals, articles, and magazines will also be referred to. Some of the references include the following: Articles Bulcke, 2003, Internationalization towards China after its Accession to the WTO, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Departement Oosterse Slavische Studies, viewed on 1st September 2010, available at; http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:8b2CcFrEHjcJ:www.cemcweb.com/publication_doc/Opportunities%2520for%2520SMEs%2520in%2520China%2520-%2520thesis%2520of%2520Mattias%2520Grillet.doc+Internationalization+towards+China+after+its+Accession+to+the+WTO+Are+There+Opportunities+for+European+SMEs%3Fcd=1hl=enct=clnkgl=my Ministry of Industry, trade and marketing, 2007, SME opportunities, viewed on 1st September 2010, available at; http://www.mitm.go.tz/sme.php?cat=15subcat=37 Porter, 1998, Competitive advantage of nations, Free Press, New York, available at; Saiguran, E, 2007, SME development: Tanzania experience, Small Industries development organisation Tanzania, viewed on 4th September 2010, available at; http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:0jN8a7r-DCsJ:www.waitro.org/files/downloads/Proceedings/sme-steap2007/sido-emmanuel.pdf+how+many+smes+are+there+in+the+tanzaniahl=engl=mypid=blsrcid=ADGEESghp7HJMdzm_ULpMCu59dGnkdxqIEsl7lohW3QCim1T-r7i3o9A2e2nZREV-rzeZHiflUEgS0o6BGlaBeKaiIT-znZTgR6c7uJfyL2qfmmhJlvZTePS8gLx6PAc6KWjejorEj9Qsig=AHIEtbRoLuZ9Z25T1nC3r7Y7Rk4pTScmtQ Books Africa Development bank, OECD, 2005, African Economic Outlook, OECD publishing, France, available at; http://books.google.com.my/books?id=vTWgJJJgYswCpg=PT411lpg=PT411dq=SMEs+classification+in+Tanzaniasource=blots=GvWIHnE-1jsig=rJ8zK7Co_wNNSD5lgemJsqiXmNAhl=enei=ek5-TPX3C4LyvQOp262EDgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=9ved=0CDoQ6AEwCA#v=onepageq=SMEs%20classification%20in%20Tanzaniaf=false Athanassiou, N. D. Nigh, 2002, The Impact of the Top Management Teams International Business Experience on the Firms Internationalization: Social Networks at Work, Management International Review 42:2,pp.157-181. Bjà ¶rkman, I. M. Forsgren (ed.), The Nature of the International Firm: Nordic Contributions to International Business Research, Handelshojskolens Forlag, Copenhagen, s.d.. Bà ¼rgel, O. A. Fier G. Licht G. Murray E. Nerlinger, 1998, The Internationalisation of British and German Start-Up Companies in High-Technology Industries, Discussion Paper No.98-34, Centre for European Economic Research. Creswell, J, W., 2003, Research design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches, 2nd edition, Sage Publications, Inc, United Kingdom Ghosal, V. L. Prakash, 1999, The Differential Impact of Uncertainty on Investment in Small and Large Businesses, HWWA-Diskussionspapier 81, HWWA-Institut fà ¼r Wirtschaftforschung, Hamburg. Johanson, J. Associates, 1994, Internationalization, Relationships and Networks, Studia Oeconomiae Negotiorum 36, Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Uppsala. Johanson, J. J.-E. Vahlne, 1994, The Internationalization Process of the Firm: A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments, Journal of International Business Studies 8 (Spring/Summer 1977), pp.23-32, as publicized in Johanson Associates, , pp.50-61. Johanson, J. J.-E. Vahlne, 1994, The Mechanism of Internationalization, International Marketing Review 7 (1990), pp.11-24, as publicized in Johanson Associates, pp.84-95. Johanson, J. F. Wiedersheim-Paul, 1994, Internationalization of the Firm: Four Swedish Cases, Journal of Management Studies 12 (October 1975), pp.305-322 as publicized in Johanson Associates, , pp.34-49. Pedhazur, E, J., Schmelkin, L, P., 1991, Measurement, Design, and Analysis; an Integrated Approach, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, Hillsdale, New Jersey Peter, J., , 1990, Internationalization of Small Business in a Microeconomic Perspective, International Small Business Series 4, Institute of Small Business, University of Goettingen. F. Brief description of the materials/methodologies needed by the proposal. (i.e. data collection methods, sampling, sample size and target group etc.) As for the data collection methods, there is a need to gather primary data in order to attain the basic information and get viewpoints, it includes; written and online questionnaires, telephone and online interviews and as for secondary data it will be used to get critical and more in-depth information on research that has already been done, it will mostly be used in the literature review. Here various books, journals, and articles will be used. Academic research will also be conducted and it will include scholarly articles by various universities, students or professors. Descriptive research to describe the characteristics of SMEs will be carried out. The research will seek answers to various questions, such as what are the problems faced by SMEs and what ways can be used to correct them. It is based on previous understanding of the problem. The research will be cross-sectional where by a representative subset is studied, at a defined time. The sampling frame will include the top and middle management of SMEs in Tanzania. The sample size will be about 100 people. The sampling methods used for this research would be probability and non-probability sampling because the research is vast. Under probability sampling; Stratified random method will be used thus selecting SMEs from certain demography in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. The simple random sampling will also be used, hence choosing a choice of 100 SMEs from a choice of 500. The names of some of the SMEs include; Tanesco, Alexander Forbes Tanzania Limited, Showerlux Industries, Oryx, Gapco, Copper solution company, Raycom enterprises Ltd, Tanzania cigarette company Ltd, Zain Tanzania Ltd, Precision Air, Celtel Tanzania etc. Under non-probability sampling, snow-ball (referral by primary respondents) and self-selection (invite participation and collect data from those who respond) are methods that will be used. G. Brief description of the evaluation and analysis proposed for this project. (i.e. project deliverables and hypothesis, correlation test etc) This project will be of great use not only to Tanzanian but also to other African countries since it is aimed at finding ways to enhance the development of SMEs in relation to Globalization. Secondly, theories by other SMEs who have succeeded to go Global will be analyzed and will be proposed for application to benefit the SMEs in Tanzania. The expected results for this project include; Firstly; With strengthened SME departments or introduction of the Ministry of small medium enterprises, a lot of time and money will be devoted to the sector thus enhancing the chances of Tanzanian SMEs to become Global players. Secondly; With high brand consciousness, the products of SMEs will be able to stand out in the international markets. Thirdly; With participation in trade exhibitions such as Expolink, India property expo, East Africa International trade exhibition, SMEs can effectively market their products overseas. H. Illustration of how this project will benefit the future employability This thesis will help increase knowledge and understanding on SMEs. It will also help determine what problems are being faced by SMEs in Tanzania and what measurers can be taken to correct them. Lastly but most importantly, this project will help find a match between theory and practice and its application to the real world and will be a basic guide for all SMEs wanting to internationalize towards the economies.

Neo-China Politics Essay -- China Economics Political Essays

Neo-China Politics   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China is interested in modernizing itself while at the same time maintaining security' is the only general statement that can be made about China's foreign policy. To achieve these two ends, China is willing to ignore conflicts that do not substantially affect its development or security. Economic organizations are welcomed because they facilitate economic development but security multilateralism is employed only where feasible, resulting in most security concerns solved bilaterally. This case-by-case determination of policy results in China supporting the status quo in some issues while challenging it in others. To better understand China's foreign policy requires an investigation into these three characteristics. Post-Cold War Asia has been witness to a China that increasingly focuses its foreign policy on its neighbors rather than on a regional or global context. This stems from China's realization that free markets have triumphed over centrally planned economies and that a world revolution is not going to happen. This has two implications. One, China no longer needs to divert resources to involve itself in global politics since the proletarian revolution is not going to take place. Second, China needs to embark on a program of economic development and modernization (F. Wang p. 32 and J. Wang p. 80). China has decided that economic growth should receive first priority before any other concerns because of two reasons. One, economic growth allows China to upgrade its aging military by purchasing advanced weapons or developing new weapons based on the infusion of technology from consumer goods. Second and perhaps more importantly, economic development has become crucial to the Party's legitimacy to rule. During Mao's era, ideological fervor provided the basis of the Party's right to rule. However, since Deng Xiaoping's market reforms in the late 70's and 80's, the CCP has increasingly relied upon economic progress as a source of political legitimacy. The Party has promised economic prosperity in return for the undisputed right to rule. Any slowdown in economic growth could potentially lead to political instability. Therefore, all available resources are directed to maintaining a healthy pace of economic growth (Yu p. 186). At this point in development, China does not feel that it has the resources to be involved in remote... ... cede to informal discussions on security to prove that China is a responsible international actor and because any refusal might result in China being left out of international decision making. However, except in the nuclear non-proliferation issue, China's new acceptance of multilateralism is based on a calculated tactical adjustment rather than a true fundamental shift in appreciation for multilateralism. China must feel secure in its new place as a global power before any true shift may occur. This can only happen if several conditions exist. First, Beijing must no longer feel threats of containment from its neighbors and the United States. Second, China must become content with its military power and begin to see preserving a status quo in military strength as desirable. Third, the outstanding territorial disputes must be resolved. Finally, the security of each Asian nation must become so intertwined that bilateralism becomes ineffective in dealing with rising issues. Until all these conditions exist, China will not truly embrace economic and security multilateralism, and the result will continue to be the incohesive, hypocritical foreign policy that China practices today. Neo-China Politics Essay -- China Economics Political Essays Neo-China Politics   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China is interested in modernizing itself while at the same time maintaining security' is the only general statement that can be made about China's foreign policy. To achieve these two ends, China is willing to ignore conflicts that do not substantially affect its development or security. Economic organizations are welcomed because they facilitate economic development but security multilateralism is employed only where feasible, resulting in most security concerns solved bilaterally. This case-by-case determination of policy results in China supporting the status quo in some issues while challenging it in others. To better understand China's foreign policy requires an investigation into these three characteristics. Post-Cold War Asia has been witness to a China that increasingly focuses its foreign policy on its neighbors rather than on a regional or global context. This stems from China's realization that free markets have triumphed over centrally planned economies and that a world revolution is not going to happen. This has two implications. One, China no longer needs to divert resources to involve itself in global politics since the proletarian revolution is not going to take place. Second, China needs to embark on a program of economic development and modernization (F. Wang p. 32 and J. Wang p. 80). China has decided that economic growth should receive first priority before any other concerns because of two reasons. One, economic growth allows China to upgrade its aging military by purchasing advanced weapons or developing new weapons based on the infusion of technology from consumer goods. Second and perhaps more importantly, economic development has become crucial to the Party's legitimacy to rule. During Mao's era, ideological fervor provided the basis of the Party's right to rule. However, since Deng Xiaoping's market reforms in the late 70's and 80's, the CCP has increasingly relied upon economic progress as a source of political legitimacy. The Party has promised economic prosperity in return for the undisputed right to rule. Any slowdown in economic growth could potentially lead to political instability. Therefore, all available resources are directed to maintaining a healthy pace of economic growth (Yu p. 186). At this point in development, China does not feel that it has the resources to be involved in remote... ... cede to informal discussions on security to prove that China is a responsible international actor and because any refusal might result in China being left out of international decision making. However, except in the nuclear non-proliferation issue, China's new acceptance of multilateralism is based on a calculated tactical adjustment rather than a true fundamental shift in appreciation for multilateralism. China must feel secure in its new place as a global power before any true shift may occur. This can only happen if several conditions exist. First, Beijing must no longer feel threats of containment from its neighbors and the United States. Second, China must become content with its military power and begin to see preserving a status quo in military strength as desirable. Third, the outstanding territorial disputes must be resolved. Finally, the security of each Asian nation must become so intertwined that bilateralism becomes ineffective in dealing with rising issues. Until all these conditions exist, China will not truly embrace economic and security multilateralism, and the result will continue to be the incohesive, hypocritical foreign policy that China practices today.